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Deliberative assemblies – bodies that use parliamentary procedure to arrive at decisions – use several methods of voting on motions (formal proposal by a member or members of a deliberative assembly that the assembly take certain action). ==Voice votes, rising votes (divisions), shows of hands, and recorded votes== ''Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised'' (RONR) states that a voice vote (''viva voce'') is the regular method of voting on any motion that does not require more than a majority vote for its adoption. A simple rising vote (in which the number of members voting on each side are counted) is used principally in cases in which the chair believes a voice vote has been taken with an inconclusive result, or upon a motion to divide the assembly. A rising vote is also the normal method of voting on motions requiring a two-thirds vote for adoption. It can also be used as the first method of voting only a majority vote is required, if the chair believes in advance that a voice vote will be inconclusive.〔 The chair can also order the vote to be counted. A show of hands is an alternate to voice voting and can be used as the basic voting method in small boards or committees, and it is so used in some assemblies.〔 A recorded vote is a vote in which the votes (for or against) of each member of the assembly are recorded (and often later published). RONR explains: Recorded votes may either be taken by actually calling the roll (a task typically ordered by the chair and performed by the secretary) or, in some assemblies, by electronic device.〔RONR, § 45〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Voting methods in deliberative assemblies」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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